Final Test Prep Chapter 8

Question 1/10

What is both the mechanical base of the spinal column and the fused central posterior section of the pelvic girdle?

Right Answer

The sacrum is a triangular-shaped bone located at the base of the spinal column, where it connects to the pelvis. It consists of five fused vertebrae and serves as the foundation for the spine while also forming the posterior section of the pelvic girdle. The thorax refers to the chest cavity, the coccyx is the small tailbone below the sacrum, and the ischium is part of the pelvis but not the spine. The sacrum plays a crucial role in weight distribution and stability.

Question 2/10

When a person is standing upright, the weight of anything being lifted and carried in the hands is FIRST reflected onto the:

Right Answer

When lifting while standing upright, the pelvic girdle absorbs and distributes the initial force of the weight. This structure connects the spine and lower limbs, providing support and stability during weight-bearing movements. While the spinal column and thigh muscles help support the body, the pelvis is the first structure to bear the force before transferring it to the legs. Proper lifting techniques help prevent strain on the pelvis and spine.

Question 3/10

When the shoulder girdle is aligned over the pelvis during lifting:

Right Answer

Proper alignment of the shoulder girdle over the pelvis ensures that the force of the weight is distributed straight down the spine, reducing strain on muscles and ligaments. When the shoulders are misaligned, it increases the risk of back injuries due to uneven force distribution. Keeping the spine aligned and the weight centered reduces the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Proper lifting posture minimizes stress on the lower back.

Question 4/10

An EMT may injure his or her back, even if it is straight, if the:

Right Answer

Even with a straight back, bending forward at the hips puts excessive strain on the lower back muscles and spine. This position can lead to muscle strain or herniated discs, especially when lifting heavy objects. Keeping the spine straight and bending at the knees reduces the risk of injury. Maintaining proper body mechanics is essential for preventing back injuries in EMTs and other healthcare workers.

Question 5/10

The FIRST rule of safe lifting is to:

Right Answer

Keeping the back in a straight, vertical position helps maintain proper posture and weight distribution during lifting. A straight spine reduces strain on muscles and discs, decreasing the risk of injury. While spreading the legs improves balance, the most important rule is to protect the spine by keeping it aligned. Curving the back can lead to improper weight distribution and potential injury.

Question 6/10

Which of the following statements regarding the power lift is correct?

Right Answer

The power lift is the safest method because it relies on leg strength rather than the back to lift heavy loads. The legs are more powerful and less prone to injury than the lower back muscles. Keeping the legs bent and engaged while maintaining a straight spine helps distribute the load safely. Using improper technique, such as bending the back, can increase injury risk.

Question 7/10

The proper technique for using the power grip is to:

Right Answer

A power grip involves keeping the palms up, ensuring maximum hand strength and control when lifting. This technique allows the fingers and entire palm to engage, reducing strain on individual fingers and providing a stronger grip. Palms-down lifting reduces grip strength and increases the risk of dropping an object. Proper gripping techniques are essential for safe patient handling and lifting.

Question 8/10

Which of the following statements regarding patient weight distribution is correct?

Right Answer

In a horizontal position, the majority of a patient’s weight is in the torso, as the upper body is generally heavier than the legs. The EMT at the head often bears more weight, especially when moving larger patients. Understanding weight distribution helps EMTs use proper lifting techniques to prevent injury. Misjudging weight balance can lead to improper carrying posture and potential strain.

Question 9/10

General guidelines for carrying a patient on a stretcher include:

Right Answer

Effective communication ensures coordinated movements and prevents accidents while carrying a patient. Twisting the body or flexing the back increases the risk of muscle strain and injury. Leaning back is not a recommended practice as it affects balance and lifting mechanics. Clear communication between EMTs helps ensure smooth and safe patient transport.

Question 10/10

To minimize the risk of injuring yourself when lifting or moving a patient, you should:

Right Answer

Keeping the weight close to the body reduces the amount of force exerted on the spine and muscles, decreasing injury risk. Lifting with a proper stance and straight back while using leg strength is crucial for safe patient handling. Flexing at the waist instead of the hips can lead to spinal strain and improper posture. Log rolls and body drags are necessary techniques in certain medical situations, but must be performed correctly to prevent injury.