BIO 220 Topic Quiz 1 with Answers Already graded A+

Explanation: The scientific method follows a logical order to ensure accurate and reproducible results. It begins with asking a question to identify a problem, followed by creating a hypothesis, which is a proposed explanation. The hypothesis is then tested through experimentation, and the collected data is interpreted to determine if the hypothesis was supported or rejected. Finally, the results are reported to share findings with the scientific community.

The environmental worldview recognizes the interdependence of living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) factors in ecosystems. This perspective suggests that both nature and human needs should be considered when making decisions. It promotes sustainability, conservation, and ethical responsibility toward the environment. In contrast, an economic worldview prioritizes financial and industrial growth, sometimes at the expense of nature.

A sustainable ecosystem requires both biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) components to function properly. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and decomposers, while abiotic factors include water, sunlight, soil, and air. These components interact to cycle nutrients, maintain biodiversity, and regulate the environment. Without both factors, an ecosystem would become unstable and unsustainable.

Environmental stewardship refers to the responsible management and care of the environment, including both biotic and abiotic factors. This includes actions like conserving natural resources, protecting wildlife, and reducing pollution. Focusing on just biotic or abiotic factors is not enough to preserve the entire ecosystem. True environmental stewardship involves maintaining balance and sustainability for future generations.

A footprint, particularly an ecological footprint, measures the impact of human activities on the environment. It assesses how much land and resources a person or population consumes and compares it to Earth's ability to regenerate those resources. The larger the footprint, the greater the strain on natural resources and ecosystems. This term helps identify sustainability challenges and the need for conservation.

Diffuse sources, also known as nonpoint sources, refer to pollution that comes from multiple, widespread locations rather than a single source. Examples include runoff from agricultural fields, urban stormwater, and vehicle emissions. Unlike point sources, which originate from a single, identifiable location (like a factory discharge pipe), diffuse sources are harder to control and regulate. Addressing diffuse pollution requires broad environmental policies and community efforts.

Autotrophs (producers), such as plants and algae, make their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. They do not consume other organisms, unlike heterotrophs (consumers), which rely on eating plants or animals for energy. Decomposers break down dead organisms, while predators hunt other biotic factors. Autotrophs are the base of the food chain and are essential for supporting life in ecosystems.

Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, break down dead organisms and organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil. This process is essential for nutrient cycling, helping plants access essential elements like nitrogen and phosphorus. Without decomposers, waste and dead matter would accumulate, disrupting ecosystems. They play a critical role in maintaining environmental balance.

Environmental science is an interdisciplinary field that combines natural sciences (biology, ecology, chemistry) and social sciences (economics, policy, sociology). It focuses on understanding human interactions with the environment and developing sustainable solutions. Social science aspects include environmental policies, ethics, and economic impact, while natural sciences study ecosystems, biodiversity, and resource management. This combination helps address complex environmental challenges effectively.