Did America become more intolerant during the 1920’s Essay
America is among the most powerful nation in the world and prides itself in like a ‘melting pot’ of different cultures but offers that always been true of America. I would like to argue that during the 1920’s America became less tolerant of anything at all Un-American. I would really prefer to mention immigration policy, the Ku Klux Klan, personal hysteria and Religious intolerance.
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Before 1917 America recently had an ‘open door’ policy toward immigration although thousands of immigrants were putting in via eastern Euro, Asian, and African countries which the WASPS (White Anglo Saxon Protestants), who had electrical power at the time, didn’t want in the united states. After 1917 a literacy test was introduced and so all immigrants had to be capable of read and write in English to get allowed in the country which in turn discriminated against non English language speaking countries and poorer countries exactly where people couldn’t afford to find out English, so the ‘open door’ began to close.
In 1921 the amount of migrants was still a major problem to the WASPS and the immigration quota action was introduced that only allowed three hundred and fifty seven thousand foreign nationals into the UNITED STATES each year. It also stated the quantity of people departing from a particular nation should not go beyond three percent of the number of individuals from that country already living in America in 1910. This method also discriminated against countries undesirable to the WASPS given that they had the tiniest population already living in America in 1910.
The ‘open door’ sealed further in 1924 if the amount of immigrants allowed into America was decreased to two percent of the human population in 90 and in 1929 when the total number of foreign nationals from any kind of country was reduced to a single hundred and fifty thousand people via any country to be allowed into America per year. The objective of these laws was to shield the interests of the WASPS already in the us who held power at the time but feared losing this to opposing groups including Jews, Catholics, Blacks, Communists and anarchists.
Another way America was progressively more intolerant during the 1920’s was through the Ku Klux Klan, an business founded by a Texan dental office named Hiram Wesley Evans and its main aim was going to protect white supremacy plus the interests of the WASPS. Through the 1920’s when ever racial and political intolerance was at a peak membership rocketed to five million. The Klan was strongest in the southern declares, which had previously recently been the slave states, and hatred intended for the blacks was improved as whites and blacks were now competing pertaining to jobs, homes and land.
The clan put the views throughout using serious violence, for instance, should a black man get a job more than a white man the white colored man might have a word with the Klan, the Klan would pay the black gentleman a visit and the following day the dark man could resign so the white man could have the work, in other situations the Klan would set up lynchings wherever mobs would roam the streets buying a disliked ethnic minority person to beat up and possibly eliminate. Membership with the Klan was limited to American WASPS with no other cultural groups can join.
One more aspect of American intolerance was fear of innovation or ‘Red scare. ‘ In 1920 approximately a hundred and fifty, 000 Us citizens had communism or anarchist views which in turn represented 0. 1 percent with the population of America several Americans terrifying communist or perhaps anarchist trend more than anything else. Communism and disturbance were dreaded so as: communism and radical extremists looked to arrange transact union demos which were explained by the papers as communist demonstrations, an anarchist shot president McKinley dead 20 years previously, Russia had become a communist region in 1917 and the Palmer incident of 1920.
In June 1920 an unidentified man remaining a blast outside the house of the attorney general, A Mitchell Palmer which led to the fatality of the bomber. The strike was presumed to be a communist assassination make an effort due to a duplicate of a communist newspaper staying found in the vicinity of the blast, that might have been removed there innocently or selected and planted by Palmer to use the attack to stir up hatred for communists who had been regarded as a threat for the American metabolism and the WASPS in general. The attack resulted in A Mitchell Palmer proceeding raids upon communists and anarchists that resulted in 6 thousand busts and only two prosecutions pertaining to firearms accidents.
Another reason behind political intolerance in the 1920’s was the circumstance of Sacca and Vanzetti. Sacco and Vanzetti were charged with a wages robbery in which two guards were shot dead. Sacco and Vanzetti had been both the latest immigrants by Italy, none spoke extremely good English language, both had been carrying crammed guns when arrested (although this is not any crime in the USA even today) and most importantly both harboured anarchist opinions.
Both men were put on trial having a highly biased Judge and a court made up of WASPS, who generally disliked Anarchists and anything at all un-American. Evidence for the defence of Sacco and Vanzetti significantly outweighed the evidence against these people and the criminal prosecution even employed the fact that Sacco was carrying a great anarchist leaflet at the time of criminal arrest against them. Even though Sacca and Vanzetti were almost certainly innocent the jury identified them responsible and the pair were executed on the 20 fourth of August 1927. The final part of American intolerance in the 1920’s I am going to write about is faith based intolerance. Through the 1920’s house of worship attendance around America was falling, especially on the urban areas.
This worried a large number of religious Americans and some of the more serious people founded revivalist groups with the aim of getting American people back into the chapel. A prime example of an extreme revivalist and most likely one of the most popular was ‘Sister’ Aimee Semple McPherson. Sis Aimee was head of the ‘Four sq . gospel alliance’ and the girl often led services of over 5000 people outfitted as an angel and beating a chance to the hymns on a percussion. Sister Aimee used the frenzy made during her sermons to make the incurable believe they were remedied and walk out of wheelchairs and keep crutches behind.
Sister Aimee became a millionaire coming from collections used during her services. Metric scale system also started to be intolerant to non-American spiritual views such as Darwin’s theory of progression. Darwin’s theory of development says that humans started out apes more than millions of years and the bible states the fact that world was made in 4004 BC by simply god in six times.
Darwin’s theory had brought on great controversy in the mid-nineteenth century and was generally accepted for all the models but as intolerance grew in the 1920’s people began to question this theory and the aged arguments flare leg up once again. In 1924 strong fundamentalists (who had been against Darwin’s theory) create the anti-evolution league while using aim of which makes it illegal to show the theory of evolution. Although the idea seems somewhat farfetched the anti evolution league succeeded in six declares. In Dayton, Tennessee two teachers, Ashton Scopes fantastic college decided to put the new law to evaluate and for Ashton Scopes to train the theory of evolution to his course and his college or university to drag into court him for breach from the law.
Johnny Scopes educated his course the theory of evolution and was consequently arrested make on trial. The two factors hijacked the trial and it became Christian fundamentalism on trail rather than Johnny Scopes. Benefactors via both sides in the argument chosen two of the very best lawyers in the united states to fight the ‘Monkey trial’ (as the press called it).
During the trial the protection lawyer inhibited the prosecution lawyer on flaws inside the biblical theory he couldn’t explain to which the prosecution attorney replied, “I am unsatisfied by any kind of evidence I’ve seen. ” The questioning continued such as this until the press began making fun of the prosecution lawyer and the evaluate put a stop to it. Johnny Scopes was discovered guilty of breaking the law and fined one hundred dollars. These are the main reasons for which I believe that the United States of America was becoming more intolerant during the 1920’s.
I particularly believe the American migrants policy, the Ku Klux Klan plus the Red Terrify contributed significantly to the sights of many People in the usa and all the intolerance was down to the selfishness in the WASPS whom wanted to shield their own supremacy, wealth, philosophy and hobbies.
